What is a Non-cognizable (NC) Complaint!

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Cognizable offence means an offence in which a police officer as in accordance with the First Schedule or under any other law for the time being in force can  arrest any person without warrant. e.g. the person involved in commission of offences like murder, attempt to commit suicide, preparation of cavity, robbery, attempt to commit robbery, extortion, house breaking (day and night), thefts, pick-pocketing, motor vehicles theft, chain snatching, hurt, riot, rape counterfeit currency kidnapping and abduction, molestation, assault on public servant, etc.
Non-cognizable offence means an offence in which police officer cannot arrest a person without the proper orders from the Magistrate. The petty offence like abusing, argument between husband and wife, various types of other hot arguments between the member of public, etc.,falls under these category.Such type of complaints is the regular feature at the Police Station.The members of public expect help from the police in such cases.However, due to legal constraints the police becomes helpless and public forms an opinion that police is non-cooperative.
Source: Mumbai Police' website

However, care must be taken as a NC can be converted to a cognizable complaint/office during police investigation and hence one should take care to to provide due cooperation with police. Police may seek enquiry of any related person, for example the employer's supervisor, manager, a friend of the person against whom the complaint is lodged (accused) or relative/witness to the incident.


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